Every ingredient. Every dose.

What it isA carbohydrate — starch, taken apart and rebuilt into a larger molecule.

The part it playsCarbohydrate is the body’s primary fuel source during exercise. This is the fuel in the formula, and at 25 grams it is the largest ingredient in the tub by a wide margin — heavier than everything else combined. Most pre-workouts contain no carbohydrate at all.

What it isThe most studied stimulant there is. Adenosine builds up in the brain across the day and signals tiredness; caffeine occupies the same receptors without activating them.

The part it plays75mg of caffeine supports alertness and sustained attention. A cup of coffee is around 80–100mg, so this is less than one cup and a fraction of a typical pre-workout — dosed for a session that still has a full day after it.

What it isAn amino acid found naturally in tea leaves.

The part it playsIt is paired with the caffeine at a deliberate two-to-one ratio — 150mg to 75mg. That is the ratio used in the attention research, and it is why both amounts are what they are.

What it isA water-soluble source of choline.

The part it playsCholine is the compound the body uses to produce acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter involved in attention and muscle activation. It is here for the head rather than the barbell. 300mg is the weight of the raw material, at 50% concentration.

What it isAn amino acid the body converts into arginine.

The part it playsSwallowed arginine is largely stripped out by the gut and liver before it reaches circulation. Citrulline bypasses that and is converted in the kidneys, so it raises arginine levels more effectively than arginine itself. Most research uses 8g of citrulline malate — a compound, so the actual citrulline is closer to 4 to 5g. Ours is 6g of pure citrulline.

What it isOne of the most abundant free amino acids in skeletal and cardiac muscle.

The part it playsTaurine acts as an osmolyte inside cells, contributing to how a cell regulates its own water volume. A standard inclusion in endurance formulas, here at a functional 2,000mg rather than a token amount.

What it isAn amino acid.

The part it playsTyrosine is the precursor the body uses to build dopamine and noradrenaline — neurotransmitters involved in attention and drive. It belongs to the second half of this formula: the part built for the day that follows the session, not the session itself.

What it isAs unrefined pink Himalayan sea salt.

The part it playsSodium is the electrolyte lost in the greatest quantity through sweat, and it is central to fluid balance. 115mg is a supporting amount — this is a fuel containing salts, not a dedicated electrolyte drink. For long efforts in heat, take salt from somewhere else as well.

As potassium chloride. Another electrolyte lost in sweat, involved in fluid balance and muscle contraction. A supporting amount, not a replacement dose.

Both as Albion bisglycinate chelates — a form chosen for absorption and for being gentler on the stomach than oxides.

Both are small: 4% and 2% of a day’s recommended intake. They are on the label because they are in the tub.

As pyridoxine hydrochloride, at about 71% of a day’s recommended intake. B6 is an essential vitamin and a cofactor in normal energy metabolism, including in the pathway that builds the neurotransmitters tyrosine feeds into.

Varies by flavour. Our manufacturer does not disclose full flavour composition — a real limit on our transparency, and we would rather name it than quietly leave the line off.